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Anthropos 3–4 (239-240) 2015
RELIGIOUS STUDIES
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Along with digging for alleged sources of Sufism, the common feature of the researches dealing with mediaeval Islamic mystical currents is Essentialism and the idea of Mysticism being universal. The proponents of this approach don’t build on objective postulates, as does for example neurological science which analyses biochemical processes in the brain, but adhere instead to apriorisms which fuel at full speed their own philosophical projects. In this article we touch upon the question of Pantheism and make a review of contributions to the Islamic Studies by Henry Corbin, one of the main channels of information about the mediaeval Arab-Persian thought.
Key words: emerging adults, romantic partner, attachment, personality
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Der Artikel beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, ob die Sprache, die die religiösen Institutionen und noch besonders die katholische Kirche in ihren Ritualen verwenden, für den Zweck, dem sie dienen sollte, geeignet ist. Rituale sollten nämlich das Unterbewusste im Menschen ansprechen, also die „mythologische Matrix“ seines Auffassungsvermögens. Deshalb sollten sie vor allem durch Symbole sprechen – noch besonders gilt das für die pluralistische Kultur, in der ein wesentlicher Maßstab für die Glaubwürdigkeit der vermittelten Werte gerade die eigene Erfahrung ist. Es handelt sich also um die Vermittlung der entsprechenden Atmosphäre und um ihren Erkenntniswert, um die Verbindung der Religion mit eigenem Leben. Der Artikel versucht die Frage zu beantworten, welchen Faktoren sollten die religiösen Institutionen eine besondere Aufmerksamkeit widmen, um diese Bedingung erfüllen zu können.
Schlüsselwörter: Ritual, Symbole, Religiosität, religiöse Sprache, mythologisch, die postmoderne Kultur, das Unterbewusstsein, Phantasie, Verzauberung
ETHICS
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As much we understand an event of totalitarianism in the framework of Arendt`s descriptions of ancient and modern age notions of understanding the world, we
collide into the wall. It is not about taking these philosophical concepts as false or
unsuitable given theirs explication, but to show what happens when a phenomenon
breaks into these safe worlds of certainty. This is why the author of this article is
looking to find, through historically conditioned methodological adjustment, the
non-methodological essence of totalitarianism, which at the same time surpasses
the region of totalitarianism itself.
Key words: Arendt, totalitarianism, experience, ideology, history
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The following article is a critical assessment of limitations surrounding modern-day reality, where is the care for a world’s existence reduced to an individual aspect born in the realm of particular gain. Following this premise, the article goes on to observe the Cartesian subject who can only become legitimate by determining an automatic and expiring matter. Furthermore it makes the point that nature was therefore an object whose exclusion confirmed the subject’s certainty and identity, whilst in the contemporary era a fundamental uncertainty appears alongside the subject. Characteristics that originally defined the place of the dishonoured other have been transferred inside the subject as the latter - in the modern pluralistic information field – meets with multiple, discontinuing, ever-changing reality truth programmes. And if the world is, in an Arendtian manner, put to a lie par excellance and comprehended as an available objectiveness, the question appears: what is there that is stopping this deceiving reality from taking the place of a legitimate substitute for truth?
Key words: thing-in-itself, essentialism, simulacra, truth, ideological pluralism
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The article begins with a discussion on the ethics of reverence for life, which is also the first of the four irrefutable guidelines of Declaration of Global Ethic. With his views on humanity in a cosmic context Hans Küng exceeds both, biocentric and
anthropocentric position, and strives for the human beings in the environment
worth living in. Küng comprehends ethics as the genuine announcement of life,
when he is challenging us to fundamental trust in life and joyful confi rming of
living in the attempt of stopping of nihilism. He reports to us about life, justice,
ethics and solidarity with his developed cosmic sense. He is convincing us that we
possess a transcendent feeling of the world which is connected with one of the most fundamental needs, i.e. need for attachment on sense, values and norms which are
the fundamental starting points of ethics. Küng explains that a human being is
an ethical creature because of his upright posture and ability of empathy. Tired of
politization we are returning together with Küng to the belief of the emancipatory
mission of etization of the world. Because of the connection between ethics and life
we should understand good as a norm of autonomous human morals. Fulfilled life
is accessible with openness to deeper dimensions and fundamental trust in reality.
The life decent of human being with the highest ethical categories such as justice,
joyful, peace and happiness should be eternal. A practical, active truth is the one
which defines the quality of human relationships. It is highly cohesive and thus
sufficiently universal to allow the coexistence of differences and to stop suffering,
that is why Global Ethic should take effect and not remain merely on paper.
Key words: Hans Küng, ethics, Global ethic (Weltethos), metaphysics, reverence for life, fundamental trust
PSYCHOLOGY STUDIES
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Children with no early risk factors, who are later diagnosed with one or more neurodevelopmental disorders are usually referred to evaluation at age of 3 or later. At the same time we know that early identification and intervention are crucial for diminishing effect of biological risk factors, especially when they occur in combination with psychosocial risk factors. In the text we present an overview and critical evaluation of the literature from the field of infant and toddler’s screening for neurodevelopmental disorders, an analysis of the preventive program for infants and toddlers in Slovenian primary health care system and possibilities for early intervention in Slovenia. Based on scientific findings we present a model of screening for neurodevelopmental disorders which is a basis for further development of Slovenian preventive health care program for toddlers.
Key words: screening, infants, toddlers, neurodevelopmental disorders, early intervention
REVIEWS
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