FIZIKA V ŠOLI 2/2011

 

  RAZISKOVANJE V TEHNIKI  
  Janez Strnad
Fakulteta za matematiko in fiziko Univerze v Ljubljani		  
 

Povzetek – Razvoj prenosa sporočil je pokazal, kako so odkritja v fiziki pripeljala do koristnih naprav in postopkov ter spodbudila razvoj novih vej tehnike. Pri tem so sodelovali fiziki in drugi raziskovalci. Ali je dejavnosti drugih raziskovalcev mogoče razločevati od dejavnosti raziskovalcev v fiziki? Ali bi bilo s premišljenimi ukrepi mogoče spodbuditi prenos znanja iz fizike v proizvodnjo? Fizik, ki mu taka vprašanja niso domača, lahko o odgovorih le ugiba.
Abstract –The development of communications has shown how discoveries in physics led to useful devices and procedures and promoted the formation of new technologies. Thereby physicists and other researchers participated. Could the activities of other researchers be distinguished from the activities of researchers in physics? Could sensible measures promote the transfer of knowledge from physics to production? A physicist, unfamiliar with such issues, can only guess the answers.

  
     
  POJAVI NA VRTEČI SE ZEMLJI – 1  
  Janez Strnad in Jože Rakovec
Fakulteta za matematiko in fiziko Univerze v Ljubljani
 
  Povzetek – Zaradi podnebnih sprememb narašča zanimanje za pojave v ozračju in oceanih. Na nekatere od njih bistveno vpliva vrtenje Zemlje. Prvi del članka razčleni fizikalno ozadje teh pojavov. Nadaljevanje bo obravnavalo nekatere od njih. To utegne učitelja fizike spodbuditi, da katerega od pojavov obdela v šoli.
Abstract – Due to climate change there is a growing interest in phenomena in the atmosphere and oceans. Some of them are strongly influenced by the rotation of the earth. In the first part of the article the physical background of these phenomena is analysed. In the sequel some of them will be considered. The physics teacher may be encouraged to treat one or the other in school.		  
     
 

DIGITALNA KOMPETENCA IN NARAVOSLOVNE KOMPETENCE PRI FIZIKI V SREDNJI ŠOLI

  
  Milan Ambrožič, Marko Gosak, Nina Črešnjevec
Fakulteta za naravoslovje in matematiko, Univerza v Mariboru
  
  Povzetek – V okviru nacionalnega projekta Razvoj naravoslovnih kompetenc so bila izdelana  gradiva s področij biologije, fizike, kemije in nekaterih podpornih predmetov za osnovne in srednje šole. Poudarek novih gradiv, ki smo jih preverjali v šolah, je bil na načinu dela v šoli, s katerim bi bolje razvijali naravoslovne kompetence učencev in dijakov. Veliko pozornosti smo namenili razvijanju digitalne pismenosti. V tem prispevku opisujemo nekaj fizikalnih gradiv za srednje šole, ki poleg drugih naravoslovnih kompetenc razvijajo tudi digitalno kompetenco.

Abstract – In the frame of the national project Development of Natural Science Competences a lot of learning materials have been produced in the area of biology, physics, chemistry and some supporting school subjects for the primary and secondary school level. The focus of new materials which were tested in schools was not so much on the topics, but more on the working methods which would work better in developing natural science competences of students. A significant attention was devoted to development of digital literacy. In this contribution we describe a few physics materials which develop digital competence in addition to other natural science competences.

 
     
 

DOGODKI V NARAVI IN ČLANKI V DNEVNEM TISKU PRI POUKU FIZIKE

  
  Boris Kham
Gimnazija Jožeta Plečnika, Ljubljana
 
  Povzetek – Prispevek se ukvarja z vprašanjem vključevanja branja poljudnoznanstvenih člankov in empiričnega spoznavanja nebesnih pojavov v redni pouk fizike v srednji šoli. Obravnava štiri članke:
  1. Dr. Janez Strnad, O gibanju in mirovanju Zemlje
     Znanje, ki trdno stoji že več kot tri stoletja
  2. Andrej Guštin,  Astrologija na preizkusu,
  3. Portal vesolje: »Super polna« Luna
  4. Portal vesolje: Potres na Japonskem skrajšal dolžino dneva.

Prvi del prispevka prikaže predstavitev naštetih člankov pri pouku in njihovo vključitev v preizkus znanja. Ob koncu odgovarjam na vprašanje, ali je tako početje sploh smiselno.
Drugi del pa obravnava umestitev in razlago zanimivih dogodkov v naravi. Opisana sta dva dogodka šolskega leta 2011/12: Delni Sončev mrk in Popolni Lunin mrk. Skušam odgovoriti na vprašanje, kako to vplesti v pouk, in se dotaknem tudi dileme delno motenega pouka.
Prispevek zaokrožuje odgovor na vprašanji: Ali s takimi vložki v pouk motiviramo dijake? Kaj sploh dosežemo?

Abstract – Our aim is to show how an interesting newspaper or magazine article can be used in a secondary school physics class. Four articles are discussed:
  1. Dr Janez Strnad, Does the Earth move or is it fixed in space –
    knowledge that has been undisputed for over three centuries.
  2. Andrej Guštin, Astrology tested.
  3. Portal to the Universe: »Super-full« Moon.
  4. Portal to the Universe: Day shortened by earthquake in Japan.

In the first part, the application of the above articles in class and their inclusion in testing knowledge are presented. At the end, the reasonableness of such approach is discussed. In the second part, presentation and explanation of interesting phenomena in nature are demonstrated. Two events from the school year 2011/2012 are described: the partial solar eclipse and the total lunar eclipse. Ways of introducing them in class are approached and the problem of causing disturbance in class is dealt with. The text ends by answering the questions: Do such contents motivate students? What do we achieve?

  
     
  NARAVOSLOVNI DAN PRI FIZIKI V 8. RAZREDU OSNOVNE ŠOLE  
  Maša Ambrožič
Osnovna šola Ketteja in Murna, Ljubljana
  
  Povzetek –Učenci na začetku samostojno izdelajo in umerijo silomer, ki ga uporabljajo pri ostalih nalogah. Pod vsako nalogo sem zapisala težave, ki so jih imeli učenci pri eksperimentalni izvedbi, ter predloge, kako izboljšati navodilo. V prilogi ponujam popravljeno verzijo navodil.
Abstract – The pupils make and calibrate their own force meter (spring balance) to use in experiments. This article describes the exercises that the students performed with their own spring balances and explains the difficulties and  the challenges of the experimental work, with suggestions for improvement of the instructions given to the students. The revised instructions are given as a supplement.   		  
     
  PISNO PREVERJANJE ZNANJA>  
  Tine Golež
Škofijska klasična gimnazija, Ljubljana
  
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  TEST ZNANJA O ASTRONOMIJI IN SILAH>  
  Stane Arh 

 
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  OCENA DVEH NOVIH ZBIRK FIZIKALNIH NALOG  
  Barbara Rovšek

  
 

Stane Arh: FIZIKA 8 in 9, razlage in vaje za boljše ocene v osmem in devetem razredu

  
     
 

VERIŽNI EKSPERIMENT 2012

  
  Katarina Susman

  
 

Natečaj za nove člene Demo verige

  
     
 

Valovi in valovčki

  
  Barbara Šetina Batič