Dictionaries of Library Terminology
Selection, arrangement and presentation of lexicographic material
International Conference - Ljubljana, September 28 - 29, 2000

Gerhard J.A. Riesthuis

Prescribe or explain, that is the question. Functions and form of special vocabularies

Special vocabularies consist in various forms, going from relatively small glossaries to very big explanatory dictionaries. Both these types explain in which meaning terms are used in a given language: a glossary tells in which meaning a given term is used in a given text, and e.g. a technical dictionary of the Dutch language gives the meanings in which terms are used in Dutch. In the former case a term has just one meaning, in the latter case more than one meaning for a term is no exception.

There are many unilingual special vocabularies that fall between these two extremes. Further there exist multilingual special dictionaries, e.g. a Dutch-English technical dictionary. The glossary and the big explanatory dictionaries have clearly a function to explain the meaning of terms. All other types can have the explanatory function, but also can have a prescribing function: which term to use for a given meaning. In this case the goal of making the special vocabulary is to diminish ambiguity. A good example of a prescribing vocabulary is a standard that contains a vocabulary. Another example is a thesaurus as used in information storage and retrieval.

The problem is that many special vocabularies halt between these two options: they want to explain and to prescribe. This holds for unilingual special vocabularies but also for many bilingual and multilingual special vocabularies.
Where the alphabetical form is adequate for a explanatory dictionary, it is open question if this form is also the best for a prescribing vocabulary. In this paper the position that a thesaurus in a situation where a user is looking for the best term to use for a given concept or in a given context is more adequate.
What to do when both function are pursued? In this a case a mixed form can be adequate. In this paper such a form will be proposed. Final abstract, August 25, 2000