5. Past Simple

Tvorba:

Tvorba tega časa je odvisna od tega, ali imamo v stavku pravilen (regular) ali nepravilen (irregular) glagol. Glagol biti (to be) ima pretekliški obliki WAS in WERE. Prvi stolpec nepravilnih glagolov se uporablja v vseh oblikah stavkov Present Simple ter v nikalnih in vprašalnih oblikah časov Past Simple in Future Simple (I read books. I didn’t read books. I will read books.) Drugi stolpec se uporablja izključno za trdilne stavke časa Past Simple in za pogojne (IF) stavke. Tretja oblika se pa uporablja pri vseh Perfect časih (I have done my homework.) in v Trpniku (The homework has been done. - Passive).

Trdilna oblika:

a) Pravilni glagoli imajo končnico –ed.
b) Glagoli s končnico sogl + y spremenijo črko y v -ied:

to carry – nositi: She carried the box into the room.

c) Končnica samogl+y te spremembe nima, doda se le –ed:

to play – igrati (se): They played cards.

d) Pravilnim glagolom, ki že imajo –e v nedoločniku se doda samo še d: change – changed

I
carried the box into te room.
played cards.
changed the staff.
went to the shop.
You
We
They
He
She
It

Nikalna oblika:

Tvori se z didn’t + nedoločnik

I
didn't
(did not)
sing yesterday.
play the guitar last week.
You
We
They
He
She
It

Vprašalna oblika:

Did
I
go out this morning ?
sing in the bath 2 days go?

you
we
they
he
she
it

Pravilni glagoli, ki se končajo na samoglasnik + soglasnik (npr. stop, rob, step), podvojijo zadnjo črko pri dodajanju končnice –ed: I stopped, you robbed, he stepped.

Raba:

1. Zaključena (dovršena) dejanja v preteklosti:

I visited my grandmother yesterday/last week/2 hours ago (…).

2. Kratka dovršena dejanja v preteklosti:

I opened the bottle and poured some wine into the glasses.

3. Pogojne stavke 2. tipa (If clauses (conditionals) type 2), kjer izražamo nekaj, kar bi lahko bilo sedaj ali v prihodnosti:

If I spoke Spanish, I would travel to Spain next week. (But I don’t speak Spanish!) –
Če bi govoril špansko, bi odpotoval v Španijo. (Vendar ne govorim špansko.)

Na vrh.